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High efficient recycling route of WEEE

A novel Pyrometallurgical recycling route is being designed to recycle complex metallic materials containing plastics such as waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE). The new proposed methodology overcomes huge challenges like improved recovery of valuable metals, better control of hazardous substances, improved process control and recycling capacity. The recycling process for E-Scrap would be developed in such way that no waste would be obtained and all products and byproducts could be saleable materials.

According to the WEEE directive 2002/96/EG, the term 'Electric and Electronic Equipment� is applied to devices which uses electric currents or electromagnetic fields to work, as well as, equipments used for generation, transfer and measurement of such currents and fields not exceeding an AC voltage of 1000V and a DC voltage of 1500V. However, rapid development of new EEE products increase considerable the amount of WEEE produced every year. Only in Europe (EU27), WEEE arising was about 8.3 and 9.1 million tonnes per year in 2005 being 4% of the municipal waste and expecting to grow annually between 2.5 and 2.7% reaching about 12.3 million tonnes in 2020.

In 2010, only 3 million tons from the estimated 8 million of WEEE were officially collected, treated and reported to authorities in Europe, which indicates that a huge amount of scrap is being sold in the black market. Besides, Illegal handling of WEEE represents not only an economic concern but also an environmental threat due to hazardous substances such as mercury and cadmium contained in WEEE. This criminal concern is today getting high levels especially in European countries where no big smelters are located and thus the motivation to develop new flexible technologies with optimal results regarding metal recovery but requiring relatively low investment. In fact, the currently existing metallurgical recycling methods are inefficient due to the huge amounts of energy required, increased metal loss as well as waste generation.

WEEE-scrap is characterized for its complexity as metals, metals oxides, plastics, glass and ceramic are mixed all together, which ultimately makes its recovery a challenge for the industry from the technical and economic point of view. WEEE contains valuable base metals such as copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, precious metals (gold, silver, palladium and PGMs), as well strategic metals (e.g. gallium, germanium, tantalum, and indium), plastics and ceramics. Indeed, the organic content represents an important energy source, which can be used in pyrometallurgical processes.

Copyright:	© IWARU, FH Münster
Quelle:	14. Münsteraner Abfallwirtschaftstage (Februar 2015)
Seiten:	0
Preis:	€ 3,00
Autor:	Fabian Diaz Professor Dr.-Ing. Dr. h.c. Bernd Friedrich
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