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Methods and Technologies for Remediation of Soil and Groundwater at Contaminated Sites

In the last few years, a large number of remediation methods for contaminated soil and ground water and technologies for risk reduction as well as for the reclamation of polluted sites have been developed. Risk reduction generally is accomplished either by removing or neutralizing the pollution source or by breaking the pathway to the receptors, using containment techniques. Current practice shows a clear preference for a source-oriented sustainable approach like the in-situ treatment & decontamination technology. However it has to be mentioned, that there is no universal best solution existing, as remediation requirements vary from one site to another and hence the selection of a certain method in practice has to be done specifically for each site.

As a consequence of production and manipulation or inadequate disposal of chemicals and potentially hazardous substances in the past, industrialisation often resulted in a substantial impairment of limited land resources by leaving behind sites contaminated with various pollutants presentin soil and groundwater. Serious estimations come to a number of over 750,000 sites across Europe, where water transfer can leach contaminants from soil into the ground water and may cause uptake of pollutants by food plants, resulting in risks for human health and environment.Advanced remediation methods and technologies (see Figure 1 and 2) have been developed inthe last years for risk reduction and for the reclamation of polluted sites, replacing the old 'digand dump versus containment� - approach of the past. Risk may be considered as the result of atransfer process, where some potential hazardous/toxic substances could lead to an adverse effectin a 'receptor� (i.e. people, animals and plants, water resources, ecosystem etc.). For this processto operate, there must be a connection (a so called pathway) between the potential hazard (the pollution source) and the target for protection (the receptor).

Copyright:	© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben
Quelle:	Depotech 2014 (November 2014)
Seiten:	6
Preis:	€ 3,00
Autor:	Em.o.Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karl E. Lorber Dipl.-Ing. Dr. mont. Renato Sarc Prof.Dr. Andreas Paul Loibner Kerstin Scherr
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